The ADA2 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called adenosine deaminase 2. This enzyme breaks down molecules called adenosine and 2′-deoxyadenosine. Because this enzyme functions in the spaces between cells, it is described as extracellular. Another form of the enzyme, adenosine deaminase 1, breaks down the same molecules inside cells. This other version of the enzyme is produced from the ADA gene.
Researchers are still working to determine the functions of adenosine deaminase 2. Studies suggest that it acts as a growth factor, which means that it stimulates cell growth and division. In particular, the enzyme appears to be involved in the growth and development of certain immune system cells, including macrophages, which are a type of white blood cell that plays a critical role in inflammation. Inflammation is a normal immune system response to injury and foreign invaders (such as bacteria). Some macrophages are pro-inflammatory, meaning they promote inflammation, while others are anti-inflammatory, meaning they reduce inflammation.
Other Names
adenosine deaminase CECR1; ADGF; cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 1; cat eye syndrome critical region protein 1; CECR1; IDGFL; SNEDS
Related Genetics Topics
Identifiers
- NCBI Gene: 51816
- OMIM: 607575
Source: MedlinePlus Genetics, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
