The GNAI3 gene provides instructions for making one part, the GNAI3 inhibitory alpha subunit, of a protein complex called a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein). G proteins are composed of three protein subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. Each of these subunits is produced from a different gene.
Through a process called signal transduction, G proteins trigger a complex network of signaling pathways within cells. These pathways help transmit information from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell. Specifically, G proteins that are made with the GNAI3 inhibitory alpha subunit reduce (inhibit) the activity of an enzyme called adenylyl cyclase. This enzyme is important for transmitting information within cells. By influencing many cell activities, G protein signaling helps cells grow and divide or take on specialized functions.
Studies suggest that G protein signaling that involves the GNAI3 inhibitory alpha subunit contributes to the development of the first and second pharyngeal arches. During early development, these structures develop into the bones and tissues of the head and face, including the jawbones, facial muscles, and inner and outer ears.
Other Names
87U6; ARCND1; ARCODS; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3; guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha-inhibiting activity polypeptide 3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha; HG1A
Related Genetics Topics
Identifiers
- NCBI Gene: 2773
- OMIM: 139370
Source: MedlinePlus Genetics, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
