The PIGN gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called GPI ethanolamine phosphate transferase 1. This enzyme takes part in a series of steps that produce a molecule called a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. A GPI anchor attaches to many different proteins inside the cell, which are known as GPI-anchored proteins. After a GPI anchor binds to a protein, the GPI anchor attaches itself to the outer surface of the cell membrane, ensuring that the GPI-anchored protein is available when it is needed. A GPI anchor is made up of many different pieces and is assembled in a cell structure called the endoplasmic reticulum, which is involved in protein processing and transport.
GPI-anchored proteins have a variety of roles, which include helping cells attach to one another (cell adhesion), relaying signals into the cells (cell signaling), and protecting cells from foreign invaders (cellular immunity).
Other Names
MCD4; Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class N protein; PIG-N
Related Genetics Topics
Identifiers
- NCBI Gene: 23556
- OMIM: 606097
Source: MedlinePlus Genetics, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
